New Paradigm: HR Professional Transformation in Manufacturing Company: Acces la Success

This study aimed to optimize the line managers performances in the human resources (HR) division in answering the role of the HR management function problem in Medan City Manufacturing Company. The novelty proposed is a concept of HR management called "Human Resources Professional Transformation". Specifically, this concept discussed the ability of HR division line managers to make adaptive changes to the company's business-oriented functional divisions with managerial competence, commitment, innovation capability, and readiness for changes towards work performance. The population of this research was the line manager of the HR division, totaling 185 respondents. The sampling technique used a probability sampling approach with simple random sampling through the slovin formula, totaling 126 respondents. The analytical tool used is structural equation software through the SmartPLS application program. The results showed that managerial competence, commitment, innovation capability had a positive and significant effect through the HR professional transformation on the performance of line managers in the HR division. Meanwhile, readiness for change has a positive and insignificant effect on the HR Professional Transformation. Readiness for change also has a positive and insignificant effect on the Line Managers Performances in the Human Resources Division through HR Professional Transformation. Based on the suitability test of the research model, it proved that the HR Professional Transformation can answer the problem of the role of the management function to improve the line managers performances in the HR division with managerial competence, commitment, innovation capability, and readiness for change of 0.907.

Social cash assistance for food security during a disaster: lesson learned from Indonesia

There was a change in the environment and food security threat during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many countries, including Indonesia, are forced to allocate funds to reduce the risk of this disaster. The Government Republic of Indonesia, through the Ministry of Social Affairs, has launched a Social Cash Assistance Program for 10 million families affected by COVID-19. This study aims to identify how families affected by COVID-19 take advantage of this social cash assistance. The study was conducted on the beneficiaries of social assistance, in cash transfer of IDR 600,000 (USD 40), per month, for three months. This study involved 2290 beneficiaries as respondents spread across 12 provinces. The sampling technique was the Cohen Manion Morrison Table by proportional stratified random sampling. The findings show that (1) 99% of cash assistance is used for basic needs, especially for food, and (2) cash assistance could be used for basic needs for around two to three weeks, thereby strengthening food security. Recommendations are submitted based on the results of this study related to social cash assistance and food security. The first is that this assistance still needs to be continued until the COVID-19 pandemic is over. It is to help families affected by the COVID-19 pandemic meet their daily needs. Second, most respondents do not have a fixed income during the pandemic, so providing capital and business startups are needed to increase family income sustainably to maintain food security.

Youth Compliance Level in Covid-19 Prevention Efforts in Bangkalan Regency

Introduction: The covid-19 disease can be prevented, including by knowledge and public compliance, especially with adolescents in efforts to prevent Covid-19 disease. A preliminary survey of 40 adolescents showed that 30% of teenagers are knowledgeable and 60% of teenagers in Bangkalan are non-compliant in covid-19 prevention efforts. This study aimed to determine the level of compliance to prevent Covid-19. Methods: This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive survey method. The population and sample were taken by simple random sampling, namely, all adolescents aged 14-21 years in Bangkalan as many as 200 respondents. The instrument uses a questionnaire about Covid-19 prevention efforts. Quantitative data analysis by calculating the frequency of values in a variable. Results: The results showed that 66% of adolescents washed their hands, 95.5% stated that they already knew how to wash their hands properly, and 96.5% used clean water and soap to wash their hands. All adolescents still leave the house, 46% avoid crowds and 97% have kept their distance. 96.5% of adolescents used masks when leaving the house. 84.5% of respondents exercised during a pandemic. 64% of respondents consume nutritious food, exercise, and add vitamins to maintain their immunity, and 59% wear masks, wash their hands and keep a suitable distance health protocol as an effort to prevent Covid-19. Conclusion: The level of adolescent adherence is very good in terms of all aspects of the efforts to prevent Covid-19 except for the physical distancing aspect, so there is a need for increased socialization to eliminate the stigma about physical distancing. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Malaysian Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences is the property of Universiti Putra Malaysia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

The Women's Role in the Resilience of Farmers' Households during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gubugklakah Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency

The cause of rural changes, in terms of demographic, technological developments, climate changes, and the Covid-19 pandemic potential to cause vulnerabilities, especially for women as individuals in household members. These must be responded with livelihood resilience by involving the women's role to contribute in the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. This study aims to (1) describe the vulnerabilities of farmers' households and (2) analyze women's role in household resilience through the use of livelihood assets during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted in Gubugklakah village, Malang regency as a tourist village affected by the closure of TNBTS tourist visits due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research used the simple random sampling technique, with total sample of 64 women farmers. Data were analyzed using WarpPLS software. The results showed that farmers' households experienced several vulnerabilities by that the households' livelihood assets: natural, physic, human, social and financial capital can be optimized to achieve a degree of resilience. The women's role in resilience efforts is as the core of the household, because all financial cycles involve housewives' role, such as reducing consumption expenditures, selling jewelry assets, taking savings, involving in farm worker, and others.

Trends of radiology caseload and report turnaround time before and after COVID-19 pandemic at the tertiary teaching hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background: Coronavirus pandemic has drastically change health institutions due to modifications to the health service delivery system. In line with this, patients visiting health institutions have markedly reduced numbers resulting in a reduced caseload of practicing physicians. Objective: This paper assessed the caseload in the radiology department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and reported turnaround times before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary teaching hospital. Methods: Institution-based Cross-sectional study design was employed for the radiology caseload. All patients' groups seen in radiology department in all the modalities 6 months before and after the announcement of the COVID-19 in Ethiopia. For the evaluation of radiology report turnaround time, simple random sampling was employed using the source population as those 6 months before in 6 months after the declaration of Covid in Ethiopia. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 16 statistical software. Time series analysis with 95% CI was used to determine the association between different variables for radiology caseloads. Result: The trend of patient load showed a marked decrease after the COVID-19 pandemic in the radiology department. The turnaround time from study time to residents' report time (ST-RT) - after COVID-19 for MRI was increased by 17 hours. But resident report time to consultant verification time (RRT-CVT) was decreased by 1 day after the COVID-19 pandemic. For computed tomography [CT], ST-RT has decreased by 1 day and 4 hours but RRT-CVT time showed a slight increment by 1 hour and 30 min as compared to before COVID-19. This resulted in reduced exposure of residents and delays of verified patient reports. Conclusion: there is a decrease in patient load and an increase in turnaround time of radiology case reports after the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the trend before the pandemic. This will affect patient care and resident teaching. The department should look for ways of improving patient care and resident teaching through different innovative methods like the introduction of virtual education and teleradiology.

COVID-19 and Its Effects on the Management of the Basic Quality Conditions in Universities of Peru, 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the influences of variables, crisis management, distance education, the organizational image, and student satisfaction on the basic quality conditions in Peruvian universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative, nonexperimental explanatory approach with stratified random sampling was used. A questionnaire was applied to 513 students from public and private universities in southern Peru who received distance education during the months of September to November 2022. For the analysis of the results, a structural equation model (SEM). A hierarchical linear regression was carried out to test the hypotheses according to the dimensions studied on the student satisfaction scale. The study findings showed that distance education and student satisfaction had positive impacts on the basic quality conditions, while crisis management and the organizational image had a positive relationship but a smaller effect on the quality of the conditions. We concluded that the applied model allows the causal relationships between variables to be explored and that the results will allow university authorities to generate policies that improve their organizational image and crisis management processes and, at the same time, allow them to better plan their crisis management strategies to achieve better satisfaction within the framework of a sustainable university.

Occupational stress and its influencing factors of primary health care workers during COVID-19

Background Since the outbreak of COVID-19, primary health care workers have been facing unprecedented work pressure, and their occupational stress should be taken seriously. Objective To analyze the occupational stress situation and its influencing factors of primary health care workers in Guangdong Province, and to propose targeted interventions. Methods Using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, each prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province was classified into "good", "medium", or "poor" category based on its gross domestic product (GDP) in 2019 released by the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Statistics. In September 2021, four primary health care institutions were randomly selected from each stratum, and a total of 1327 staff members were selected for the study. The Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) and a basic information questionnaire designed by the authors were used. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the means between two groups, and Kruskal-Walis H test was used to compare the means among multiple groups. The comparison of categorical data was performed by trend χ2 test or Pearson χ2 test;the analysis of factors influencing occupational stress was performed by dichotomous multiple logistic regression analysis. Results There were 365 health care workers reporting occupational stress in this survey, and the positive rate of occupational stress was 27.5%. The total occupational stress score in M (P25, P75) and the scores of social support, organization and reward, demand and effort, and control were 45.0 (40.0, 50.0), 20.0 (17.0, 21.0), 14.0 (12.0, 17.0), 12.0 (10.0, 15.0), and 5.0 (4.0, 6.0), respectively. The results of dichotomous multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high education, low income, doctor positions, long working hours in a day, and shift work were associated with the occurrence of reporting occupational stress (P<0.05). Conclusion Education, average monthly income, job category, daily working hours, and shifts are factors influencing the occurrence of reporting occupational stress in primary health care workers;targeted interventions should be implemented to reduce their occupational stress levels.

Sequential spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5, SO2 and Ozone in China from 2015 to 2020

Currently, in the modeling of various atmospheric pollutants, the simulation of independent trace gases (SO2 and O3) is constrained by the insufficient resolution of key remote sensing products, resulting in insufficient simulation reliability. In this study, spatial sampling and parameter convolution are combined to optimize LightGBM by utilizing ground observations, remote sensing products, meteorological data, assistance data, and random ID. Through the above techniques and an sequentialsimulation of air pollutants, we produce seamless daily 1-km-resolution products of PM2.5, SO2 and O3 for most parts of China from 2015 to 2020. Through random sampling, random site sampling, area-specific validation, comparisons of different models, and a cross26 sectional comparison of different studies, we verified that our simulations of the spatial distribution of multiple atmospheric pollutants are reliable and effective. The CV of the random sample yielded an R² of 0.88 and an RMSE of 9.91 ㎍/m³ for PM2.5, an R² of 0.89 and an RMSE of 4.62 ㎍/m³ for SO2, and an R² of 0.91 and an RMSE of 6.88 ㎍/m3 for O3. Combined with the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach, the roles of different parameters in the simulation process were clarified, and the positive role of parameter convolution was confirmed. Our dataset was used to assess the changes in the Air Pollution Index (API) in China before and after the outbreak of COVID-19, and the results indicate that these 34 changes were relatively small huge, suggesting that the epidemic control measures in 2020 were effective. The study demonstrates that the multipollutant datasets produced with the proposed models are of great value for long-term, large-scale, and regional-scale air pollution monitoring and prediction, as well as population health evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Earth System Science Data Discussions is the property of Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The potential of skipjack fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Flores Sea of South Sulawesi

The purpose of this study is to analyze the marketing efficiency of skipjack fish in the Flores Sea of South Sulawesi. This research was carried out in September - December 2021 with due observance of the Covid-19 health protocol. The method of research used is a survey method. The sampling method used is stratified random sampling. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis, marketing margin, marketing cost and marketing efficiency. The results showed that the skipjack fish marketing channel in the Flores Sea, South Sulawesi is efficient with efficiency value of 0.03 for Selayar Islands Regency and 0.02 for Bulukumba Regency, which means that the skipjack marketing channel is efficient because it has a value smaller than one (<1).

Farmer's perception of the performance of a field agricultural extension agent during Covid-19 pandemic in Jember Regency

The Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia has an impact to agriculture and extension activities. Agricultural extension activities during the Covid-19 pandemic were carried out used online media such as Whatsapp Groups, Youtube and radio, whereas extension activities involving many people were temporarily removed. Agricultural extension agents are agents of change related with farmers. So that, it is important for farmers to evaluate the performance of agricultural extension workers during the Covid-19 pandemic, so that the benefits of extension activities can feel by all farmers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceptions and factors that influence farmers' perceptions to the performance of Field Agricultural Extension during the Covid-19 pandemic in Jember Regency. This research is located in Jember Regency and was conducted from July 2021 to December 2021. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling with a total of 200 respondents. The data collected in this study were analyzed by statistical descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression model analysis. The results show that farmers' perceptions of the performance of agricultural extension workers during the Covid-19 pandemic are very satisfied. The factors that influence the perception of farmers are the frequency of extension, the level of farmer's participation, and farmer's knowledge. Meanwhile farmer's experience, farmer's group class, and land tenure had no effect on farmers' perceptions of the extension workers' performance.

Communicating landslide risks during the COVID-19 pandemic: A baseline study for PHIVOLCS-Dynaslope stakeholders

Dynaslope Project, a government-funded program implemented by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), develops and deploys an early warning system (EWS) for deep-seated landslides. It uses landslide sensor technology and community involvement in its EWS implementation in 50 sites all over the country. As the pandemic altered people’s modes of communication, it is important to understand how these changes relate to communicating landslide early warning information (LEWI). This research answered: How can the Dynaslope Project effectively communicate landslide risk during the COVID-19 pandemic? Specifically, it a) identified their preferred communication channels and tools during the pandemic, b) enumerated the stakeholders’ perceived participation and communication barriers, and c) measured the degree of trust of the stakeholders in the Project, the LEWI it released, and other key messages. This research was guided by the Actor-Network Theory and the concept of co-orientation which posited that, instead of a single entity defining a network or a system, it was the interactions between people, objects, and institutions that created a collective network and continuously negotiated a coherent understanding. The study employed a descriptive quantitative methodology. It used stratified random sampling to select the participants. Among the major findings include the stakeholders’ preference for offline communication like SMS and calls, the presence of communication and participation barriers including weak or no phone reception and limited access to up-to-date communication devices and the internet, and a high level of trust in the Dynaslope Project because it was implemented by a science-based national agency PHIVOLCS.

The Effect of Laptop Usage Behaviors on Eye Fatigue on Work-from-Home (WFH) Lecturers during The Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has encouraged changes in society, especially in the aspect of education. Learning is conducted online and educators carry out activities from home. However, this has a negative impact on physical health, which may occur due to WFH behavior, which is Eye Fatigue. Laptop usage behavior depend on the size of the laptop, the duration and frequency of laptop usage, the visual distance, the position of the monitor and eye rest. This study intends to determine the effect of laptop usage behavior on Eye Fatigue. This study uses an observational design with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study is 175 lecturers and use a simple random sampling technique. The used instruments are laptop usage behavior and visual fatigue index questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Somers’d correlation statistical test. The results show a significant level of laptop size with eye fatigue with a p-value = 0.005, while the other variables were not related. The behavior of using a laptop has affected eye fatigue especially because of the size of the laptop. They use standard laptop size and use laptop support when operating laptops.

Developing Entrepreneurial Sustainability among Saudi Arabia’s University Students

The role of entrepreneurship has transformed to include issues beyond economic growth. This has twisted attention toward the drivers of entrepreneurial intentions across entrepreneurship types, particularly in sustainable entrepreneurship. Sustainable entrepreneurship is essential and a protagonist tool in protecting the environment, economy and society. This ensures employment opportunities, solves environmental problems and facilitates social and economic development. Keeping into consideration, the present study attempts to investigate sustainable entrepreneurial intention through Attitudes toward Sustainability (ATS), Perceived Desirability (PED), Perceived Feasibility (PEF) and Opportunity Recognition (OR) among Saudi Arabia’s university students. We employed the quantitative approach and used a survey questionnaire to obtain the responses from the respondents. We targeted the students of different public sector universities in Saudi Arabia using a random sampling technique. Finally, we utilized 292 valid samples to infer the results. Utilizing the Structural Equation Model (SEM) through analysis of moment structures (AMOS), we found a positive and significant effect of Attitudes towards Sustainability (ATS), Perceived Desirability (PED) and Perceived Feasibility (PEF) on Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intentions (SEI) and Opportunity Recognition (OR). This study provides valuable insights into the entrepreneurship domain and offers guidelines for policymakers and planners in shaping the policies that promote entrepreneurial sustainability and employment in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the OR factor also significantly and positively affects SEI. Finally, the study’s findings would contribute to the literature review by adding another empirical confirmation from Saudi Arabian students’ viewpoint.

LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE WITH PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USE IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS

Background: The effort to control and prevent COVID-19 in health facilities is to optimize the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) according to guidelines set by the government. The compliance of healthcare workers using the specified PPE will affect the control and prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic. Purpose: The study aims to measure the prevalence of COVID-19 in healthcare workers and to find out an overview of knowledge level and compliance with the use of PPE among healthcare workers in East Java Province during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research was an observational study with a descriptive cross-sectional design. The study population was around 183,501 healthcare workers in East Java Province, with criteria of healthcare workers who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic and were willing to be respondents. This study used a probability sampling method with a simple random sampling technique consisting of 129 healthcare workers. The variables used were knowledge level, compliance with the use of PPE, and the history of COVID-19 infection. Primary data have collected by an online questionnaire platform from September 3rd, 2020 to September 12th, 2020. Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 among healthcare workers in East Java was 6.20%, and all the healthcare workers infected with COVID-19 have a good level of knowledge and compliance with the use of PPE in health facilities. Conclusion: Most healthcare workers have good knowledge and compliance with using PPE. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Latar Belakang: Upaya pengendalian dan pencegahan COVID-19 di fasilitas kesehatan adalah dengan penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) sesuai pedoman yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah. Kepatuhan tenaga kesehatan terhadap penggunaan APD yang telah ditetapkan akan berpengaruh terhadap pencegahan dan pengendalian pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengukur prevalensi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan dan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan penggunaan APD pada tenaga kesehatan di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain deskriptif cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah tenaga kesehatan di provinsi Jawa Timur yaitu sebanyak 183,501 tenaga kesehatan dengan kriteria inklusi bekerja selama pandemi COVID-19 di fasilitas kesehatan dan bersedia menjadi responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah probability sampling dengan teknik simple random sampling, yaitu sebanyak 129 tenaga kesehatan. Variabel yang digunakan adalah tingkat pengetahuan, kepatuhan penggunaan APD, dan riwayat infeksi COVID-19. Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan platform kuesioner online yang disebar secara pada 3 September-12 September 2020. Hasil: Prevalensi COVID-19 pada tenaga kesehatan di Jawa Timur sebesar 6.20%, dimana seluruh tenaga kesehatan yang pernah terinfeksi COVID-19 mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang baik dan tingkat kepatuhan yang baik/patuh dalam penggunaan APD di fasilitas kesehatan selama pandemic COVID-19. Kesimpulan: Mayoritas tenaga kesehatan mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan yang baik mengenai penggunaan APD. (Indonesian) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

A Development of Counseling Competency for Academic Advisors in Higher Education

Southeast Asia has a high prevalence of mental health problems and a low desire to seek professional help. Low treatment rates in LMICs are also reflected in the lack of readily available treatments geared toward students. In developing countries such as Thailand, academic advisors in higher education play another extra role in providing appropriate mental health counseling beyond teaching, researching, and delivering academic advising to their students. This quasi-experimental research aimed to study counseling’s competency of academic advisors in higher education and develop counseling’s competency of academic advisors in higher education. The sample groups used in this study were academic advisors who worked in a Thai university. There were two data collection stages. In stage 1, 250 samples were selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique for examining counseling competency. In stage 2, 60 samples used in the first stage having counseling’s competency score rating from low to moderate were equally divided into two groups (control and intervention). The results in the first stage showed that the total mean score of counseling competency was moderate. In the second stage, the hypothesis-tested result also showed significant differences in counseling competency outcomes in the intervention and control groups. These findings highlight intervention;the Brief Counseling Competency Training Program (BCCTP) could be helpful for reskilling and upskilling academic advisors’ counseling competency, especially attitude dimension, and implicate set friendly services, a sustainable academic advisor network to support and strengthen these competencies.

Internal Corporate Social Responsibility as a Microfoundation of Employee Well-Being and Job Performance

Very drastic environmental changes require the development of an adaptive performance management framework that supports the strengths of the company’s structure. The position of internal CSR as a resource that can solve performance problems needs to be proved. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of internal corporate social responsibility on job performance through employee well-being. To this end, this causal study surveyed 282 non-managerial employees at four strategic industrial state-owned enterprises in Indonesia. The respondents were recruited using the proportional random sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using SEM with SPSS 26. The results showed that changes in job performance can be predicted by the adequacy of work resources and personal resources. Both resources can be realized by the existence of corporate social responsibility intended for employees. Internal corporate social responsibility was found to encourage increased work engagement and decrease burnout, which ultimately improves job performance. Internal CSR is an important personal and work resource for employees. Internal CSR is the company’s main orientation in an effort to strengthen the company’s performance structure while ensuring the implementation of the company’s ethical responsibility in its environment. From the theoretical perspective, this study implied the need for exploring the concept of internal corporate social responsibility to expand our understanding of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and personal and work resources and employee performance. Meanwhile, the practical implications of this study highlight the importance of microlevel corporate social responsibility programs to meet personal and work resource needs so that companies benefit from high employee engagement and low burnout in order to improve adaptive performance and the structure of the company’s performance.

Cultural Change Shapes the Sustainable Development of Religious Ecotourism Villages in Bali, Indonesia

This research aims to determine the impact of technology, commitment, and cultural change on the sustainable development of religious ecotourism villages. This study utilized quantitative research methods. The sampling technique used was random sampling, determined by the slovin formula—data collection techniques through the distribution of questionnaires and measurement using a Likert scale. The study was done in an ecotourism village in Bali Province with a population of 155 individuals, and the sample size was 100. The Structural Equation Model using WarpPLS 5.0 software modelling was used for the statistical analysis. The results demonstrate that the technology and commitment variables have no significant effect on the development of religious ecotourism villages;however, cultural changes have a substantial effect. The development of religious ecotourism villages is the dependent variable in this study;nevertheless, the research is primarily focused on how each village develops its ecotourism, which is increasingly being activated through a religious by the government. Religion, often known as a religious tradition, has a particular role in preserving and sustaining a village’s ancient legacy. The application of the concept of religion in Bali strengthens the joints of Balinese cultural life. Ecotourism villages with religious values pay attention to surrounding customs to maintain and preserve ancestral heritage.

Sustainable indigenous cattle production in Brebes Regency, Indonesia: opportunities and threats during pandemic

This study assesses the sustainability of indigenous cattle production (Jabres Cattle) during the COVID 19 pandemic in Brebes Regency, Indonesia. The sustainability of Jabres cattle production is considered from the aspects of production, socio-economic, and environmental aspects. The study was conducted on 64 Jabres farmers in 5 sub-districts (Ketanggungan, Bantarkawung, Banjarharjo, Larangan, and Salem). Respondents were taken using a simple random sampling method and data was taken using online questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The indigenous cattle farmers in Brebes Regency have a long experience as beef cattle farmers (10.7 years on average) with an average ownership scale of 7 heads. During the pandemic, there was an increase of 54.7 percent of farmers who felt it was difficult to get cattle breeds compared to before the pandemic. The number of farmers who found it difficult to get forage also showed an increase of 36 percent compared to before the pandemic. Likewise, an increase in the number of farmers (75 percent) felt that it was increasingly difficult to sell beef cattle, which resulted in not making it easy for profits. However, the COVID 19 pandemic can encourage all farmers to pay more attention to the cleanliness of cowshed and the cage environment. Most of the indigenous cattle farmers (89 percent) remain committed to continuing their business despite difficulties in obtaining calves, feed, and selling cattle. Farmers still have confidence that the difficult situation will pass, and demand slaughter cattle will recover.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF RICE CROP UNDER THREE CATEGORIES OF FARM HOLDERS AT THE TIME OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The study was relatively undertaken at the time of Covid-19 pandemic in Bilaspur District of Chhattisgarh state, India, to know the overall economic structure of gross expenditure, profitability structure, production cost concept, net returnes, benefitcost ratio (BCR) of rice crop under three categories of farm holders. Purposive as well as multistate random sampling methods were adopted for the research study. A total of 30 farmers were selected from the categorized three group's viz. small, medium, and large farmers. With the help of a prepared pre-tested interview schedule, a survey method was applied for primary data collection. The actual gross and net return of rice grower was needed to know at the situation of the covid-19 pandemic. So that could reach on real cost and net returns structure and explain it under three different farms size holders, therefore worked on this vital subject of the overall economic profile. This research revealed that Cost C2, C3, production cost (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and (BCR) benefit-cost ratio at C3 in one acre of small rice grower was Rs. 27662, Rs. 30,428.2, Rs. 1521.41, Rs. 19571 and 1:1.64 respectively. Thus, cost C2, C3, cost of production (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and the benefit-cost ratio at C3 in one acre of medium rice grower was Rs. 31576.08, Rs. 34,733.68, Rs. 1447.23, Rs. 25266.32 and 1:1.72 respectively. Similarly, cost C2, C3, cost of production (Rs. /quintal) at C3, net profit at C3, and the benefitcost ratio at C3 in one acre of large rice grower was Rs. 32908.08, Rs. 36,198.8, Rs. 1447.95, Rs. 26301.12 and 1:1.72 respectively. After jointly calculating the categories of data based on farms size, it revealed that the average total expenditure, Cost 2, C3, production cost (Rs./q) at C3, net profit at C3, and BCR at C3 were Rs. 30715.38, Rs. 30715.39, Rs. 33786.92, Rs. 1472.19, Rs. 23712.81, and 1:1.69 respectively. According to findings medium and large farmers do higher production of rice crop in one acre comparison of the small farmer. Labor cost is more in the rice farming in the study area, need to them the economical planning that could help ineffective use of input and get maximum profit through better farming.

A TWO-STAGE SCRAMBLING PROCEDURE: SIMPLE AND STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING. AN EVALUATION OF COVID19'S DATA IN MEXICO

This paper proposes a Randomized Response methodology where the report may be produced by one of two procedures for scrambling. The sampler designs a Bernoulli experiment for deciding which scrambling procedure is to be used by the respondent . Then, the response is modeled by a two stage RR procedure. The interviewed selects one of the two scrambling procedures. The respondent gives the response without informing which procedure was selected. The model is developed for Simple Random Sampling and Stratified designs. The behavior of the proposed models is evaluated using real data of Mexico Covid19. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] En este paper se propone una metodología de Muestreo por Rangos Ordenados mediante un procedimiento de Respuestas Aleatorizadas donde el reporte es producido por uno de dos procedimientos alternativos de enmascaramiento. El muestrista diseña un experimento de Bernoulli para decidir cual de los procedimientos debe ser usado por el entrevistado. Entonces la respuesta es modelada por un nuevo procedimiento de Respuestas Aleatorizadas. El entrevistado selecciona uno de los procedimientos de enmascaramiento. Al responder da una respuesta sin informar cual fue seleccionado. El modelo es desarrollado para el Muestreo Simple Aleatorio y Estratificado. El comportamiento de los modelos propuestos es evaluado usando datos reales de México sobre la Covid19. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Investigación Operacional is the property of Departamento de Matematica Aplicada Facultad de Matematica y Computacion Universidad de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)